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seht-SM2. GILBERT, BARKER e NES. ees ee Carburetor. No. 61,004.

Patented Jany 8,1867.

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, 3 Sheets-Sheet 3. GILBERT, BARKER & IVES.

Carburetor.

No. 61,004. Patented .lany 8, 1867.

www /Ww N, PEIEHS, Phnwumagmpmr, washington D. C.

@uiten gratte gstrnt @fitta CHARLES N. GILBERT, JOHN F. BAKKER, AND E. N. VES, GF. SPRINGFIELB, MASSACHU- SETTS, ASSIGNORS TO NEW ENGLAND PORTABLE GAS WORKS CQMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

Letters Patent No.lll, dated January 8,@867.

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. l Q--- TO ALL WHOM` 1TV MAY CONOERN:

- Be it 4known that we, C. N. GILBERT, J. F. Bnmrin, and E. ll. Ivus, all of Springfield, Hampden county, Commonwealth of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful improvements in Gas-Generating Apparatus; and we do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marliedzthereon.

Our invention consists in certain improvements in that'class of gas-generating'apparatus in which the illumina-ting gas is produced by the passage -rpof currents of atmospheric air over and in contact with naphtha, or other similar hydro-carbon oils, whereby the air becomes sureharged with the volatile portions of the naphtha, or carburetted, and can then be used for illuminating or heating purposes, substantially in the samemanncr as is ordinary gas. Our invention consists more particularly in improvements in the apparatus for the above-named purpose, patented by John H. Irwin, and Ialso jointly by J. H. Irwin and Isaac Simmons, which Letters Patent are numbered and dated as follows: April 11th,1865,Nos.-47,256 and 47,257; also, October 3d,1865, Nos. 50,250 and 50,251. Heretofore all generators `which have been put up under the above patents have been so `built and arranged as to endanger the building in which they were placed,` from the liability of the escape of gas or naphtha, either from the gencrator,.or from the tank or barrel from which they were supplied. As naphtha is a very volatile and permeating fluid, it becomes necessary,in order to insure safety to the building lighted, that there should be no exposure of the iuid to the atmosphere, aud'that the generator should be so constructed' and arranged that it shall be of itself perfectly safe, and, at the same time, secure from the contact of lire withi out, should such occur in the building from other causes. lzlerctoforc the generator has been supplied with naphtha introduced into the same by means of a funnel, or by pumping from a can or barrel near by, and within the building, by which process the building is endangered from the escaping gas or naphtha to .such an extent as te render it-impossible to obtain insurance on the property, or, if obtained, only at an advanced rate..v In order that the process mayl be used by the public, it becomes ndcessary to so construotand secure the generator that all objection to its use on this point may be removed.

The object to be attained by our invention having been thus Shown, wewill proceed to define the same.

Our inventionconsists of an improved method`of arranging the generator, and the pipes connected there with, and in certain improvements in the generator itself, together with the addition of a. tank-house, detached from the building to be lighted, and supplied with a tank for containing the naphtha, and a force-pump; also, in the arrangement of the pipes connecting the same with the generator; also, in an improved method o'heating and Ventilating the chamber in which the generator is placed. The general arrangement of our generator, tankvn house, and method of filling and emptying is as follows: We enclose the generator in a fire-proof and gas-tight chamber, made of brick, oi' other suitable material, which is provided with a man-hole by which to enter the chamber, should it become necessary at any time to repairthe generator or readjust the piping. A closet is built within the chamber, which is provided with a glass window within, and is closed without withan iron door, through which the necessary pipes for `filling and venting the generator pass, which pipes are built' in in the inner wall, the glass window being also built in the wall; both pipes and window being cemented around so asl to render them gas-tight. Proper cocks are inserted in the pipes within the closet, by means of which the generator may be filled or emptied; and into this closet a damper-rod also runs, for the purpose of regulating the lttemperature of the chamber, which is indicated by the thermometer hanging within. The thermometer and gauges, showing the .amount of luid in the generator, can be seen through the glass Window, Qlltside from the building, and detached fro-.m it, we place a lire-prooi` Atank-house, in which is placed a tank i'or storing the naphtha, and connected with it is a force-pump, by means of which we force the naphtha through proper pipes to the eseirtnoir of the generator, within the {irc-proof chamber before described, which, by suitable coc-ks, is let down to the evaporating pans below. A suiicient amount of air is admitted to the same through the air-tube, and becoming cerburetted, descends by means of its specific gravity to the burners throughout the building. A steam pipe, r radiating pipe, heated with hot air, is passed through the chamber for the purpose of warming it. ,Attached to the generator is a series of siphons, so arranged that the contents of the generator can be immedi- Y ately emptied into the tank by means of the pump at the tankdiouse, should 351'@ Ourin the building, and

prevent access to the generator-chamber.

w 0 new.

Havingthus described the general character of our invention, We will now proceed to describe the same more particularly, reference being made to the drawings and to the letters and figures marked thereon, similar letters and figures denoting similar parts of our invention.

Figure 1 represents a vertical sectional view of our generator.

Figure 2, a sectional view, showing theV arrangement oi' the siphon tubes.

Figure 3, a plan view of,one of the evaporatingepans.

Figure 4, a top view of the generator.

Figure 5, a sectional viewof one of the gauges.

Figure', an interior view of the chamber enclosing the generator and connecting pipes.

Figure 7 is a front exterior view of the same.

Figure`8, a. sectional: view of one of the flanges used to secure the pipes to the generator and tank.

Figure 9, a ventilator forventilating the chamber. l

Figure 10, an -apparatusior heating the chamber.

' `Figure 11,'a can, with hose attachment, for filling the generator.

Figure 1.2', an interior view of the tank-house, showing tank, force-pump, and connecting pipes.

The operation of our invention is as fellows:

The tank b is filled from the outside by means of the pipe a', and the depth of fluid in the tank is determined by means oi' the petit cocks, c c c. Glass gauges, or a common iioat, may also be used for` this purpose. The gas or air in the tank is allowed to escap,'when thc latter is receiving liquid, either from the outside or from thegenera'tonias will be shown afterward,) through the tube d, which vent pipe also serves the purpose of allowing the airto enter when the tank is being emptied by the fcrce-pump. There is a sheet of gauze at the enlargement, e, ofthe vont pipe, to prevent thepossihility of dame enterinc; The naph-tha is forced up into the reservoir z, gs. 6, and 1, of the generator, through the pipe g, by the force-pump f, and the reservoir is known to be full by the return or toverflow 0i' the fluid through the tell-tale pipe k, it appearing in the gauge Z when such is' .the case. The pipe m servos as a vent for the reservoir 7i, and is always open tothe outer' lair. In this pipe, as is within all the other pipes of thc same kind'commnnicating with the outer air; is also a-pieccof wire gauze, for the purpose before mentioned, By means of the gauge n, the depth of the fluid in the reservoir 7L can be seen. The-naphtliaean now be admitted into the evaporating-pans o o o, from the reservoir, lby means of the connecting pipes q and 1', having the stop-cock p, which pans fill successivelyrom top to bottom, the overflow from each I pan filling those beneath. The height of the liquid in each pan is regulated hy the metal dani t, surrounding the opening u, through which the liquid runs, the glass gang-es o 'v o indicating the'presence of iuid 4in thc pans'. The air is admitted into the evaporatng-pans through thc pipo w, which runs through the reservoir 7i, and connmunicatcs with the pans below. The tube 3/ is for the 'gas within the pans to `escape throughiwhen the fluid enters and displaces it, for, being heavier than air, it will pass ont this pipe rather than through the greater elevation of the air-tube w. A considerablcfdepth of chamber is allowed at the bottom of thc generator, at s, that thc passage of the air inay not be obstructed, conncctingwith which is the gauge A] To preventthe possible. overd'ow of theliquid throughy the gas pipo B, the exit of the carburetted air from/the generator is made through the attached metallic box, C, t-o the burners below, across which box, C, several sections of gauze-arc stretched, to prevent the possible regurgitation of flame. Attached ,to the generator is also a series of siphon tubes, D D, having their shorter arms inserted in the cups E E E, which are set in the` bottoms of the pans so that the siphons may act perfectly in exhausting them.` The longer arms, F F F,of the siphons extend'l outside of the generator, and are enclosed in the tube G, terminating in the pipe H, whichconnects with the force pipo g, as does also the pipe I, which is, in eiect, the longer arm ol' the Siphon of the reservoir h. In the tube I is a cocks J,.which is closed when it is desired to empty the evaporating-pans only; at all other times it is left open. The

p object of1 the' above arrangement is to-procurc an instant andl effectual means by which to' empty the generator ot Huid from thel tank-house, should a fire occur in the building from any cause, and the approach to the generator be inaccessible. This operation is thus clected, as follows: By means of the pumpf in the tank-house, naphtha is forced up the pipe g, and instead of rising to the reservoir h, it fills the lower pipe, H, and the tube Gr, also the longer a'rms of the siphons, and returning through the connecting pipe N, and tell-tale c, shows itself in thc gauge Z, and passes toward the tank b. The cock O, in the 'tank-house, isnew opened, and the naphtha is 1instantlyl withdrawn from the generator to the tank ll5, rendcrin g the generator entirely harmless should the llames reoich it. When it is desired to empty the evaporating-,pans of the heavy naphtha or henzole, the cocks J and M are closed, and thc cocks p and s opened, by which means the siphons F are filled, the gauge P indicating when such is the oase. By thenop'ening the cock M, and, in the tank-house, the cock O, the benzole is allowed to run ofi'. In order to heat the gencratobohamber when steam is not available, and at the same time not increase the`hazard, we provide the apparatus R, as `shown in iig. 10, which consistsl of an air-tight box, made of suitable metal, subdivided in such a manner that the heat may be radiated most perfectlyv from its surface,

' and provided with a pipo for receiving the heated air and onefor discharging the same without the chamber. When it is not desired to economize heat, a simple coil of pip'e, of suitable size, and discharging outside the chamber, as shown in il". 6., may be used. Either apparatus may be provided with suitable dampers in 'the entrance and discharge pipes, and may he heated by gas taken directly from the pipe, or generated by heat from the benzole, or by other suitable means. In order te vent the chamber ci' gas or naphtha, should any escape from thel generator or connecting pipes, we provide the vent pipe S, leading to the outer air. insert, also, the damper T1 having a] connecting- 1 0 d, U, entering vhe closet V through a stuffing-box, by which the chamber aan' he aired, or the temperature reduced` In order to secure the various pipes more irmly to the generator and tank, we aix the liange Xl, as seen. in dg. 8, which, being tapped, receives the thread of the pipe, making a close, firm joint. That the, curr-cntci` vapor may he more eiectnally confined to the path-marked ont in lig. 3,

we substitute wood instead of metal for forming the subdivisionsof the pans, which is casier, Worked, andiorms a closerjoint. ln case it is desired to lill the generator otherwise than by a force-pump, the can with the hose attachment, as shown'in g. 11, is used, which hose is attached permanently to the pipe Y, leading to the reservoir of the generator, and is fastened to the can by means of a metallic union, attached to the hose, and iitting upon threads upon the cock of the can. We arrange the main gas pipe so that at eertan points outside the Wall ofthe building `it can be opened by means of plugs, cocks, or caps, allowing all the gasto escape in case of iii-e.

Now, having describedour invention, what we claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. In a gas apparatus constructed on the principle before mentioned, arranging the generatorin a tire-prooi` and gas-tight chamber, substantially as set forth.

2. Arranging a tank for holding the fluid in a separate and detached building, and connecting the saine with the generator by means of a force-pump and pipes, substantially as set forth.

A3. Arranging the pipes connecting the generator with the tank and pump in such a manner that the siphons can be filled and the generator emptied from the tank-house.

4. The arrangement of thega's pipes in such a manner that the condensed vapor, together with the gas in the generator and pipes, can be withdrawn from Without the building, substantially as described.

5. Heat-ing the generator by means of the radiating box or pipe passing through the chamber outside oi' the generator, substantially as described.

6. `The use of gauges for the purpose of indicating thc presence of iiuid in the generator or pipes instead of petitcocks. i

7. The use of metallic anges for the purpose oi' securing the pipes to 'the generator and tank, constructed substantially as described. i

8. The improved form of generator, inl which the reservoir chamber h is added to the evaporating-pans o o o, both enclosed in one case, substantially as described.

9. The attachment of the metallic box B, arranged substantially as and for the purpose shown.

10. The improved can for'iilling, with the union and hose attachment, arranged substantially as shown.

11. The arrangement of thepipes q and v with the cock p and cock s, communicating with the siphon tubes and the gauge P in. such a manner that the siphons may be operated and fluid withdrawn from the pans by the naphtha let down from the reservoir L, in the manner substantially as described and shown.

12. The siphon cpps E E E, arrangedrsnbstantially in the manner and fdr the purpose specified.

- 13. We claim the .general arrangement of the gas-tight chamber, with the enclosed closet having the glass front and metallic door, into which closet the various pipes enter, together with the damper-1od, arranged ,in such a manner that the generator can be inspected and. operated Without necessitating an entra-nce to its chamber, substantially as described.

lst. The general arrangement of the air-tight chamber with pipes for venting the generator' and chamber', having thedamper u and man-hole w, substantially yas described.

' CHARLES N.' GILBERT,

JOHN F. BARKER, Witnesses: E. N. IVES.

EDWARD-H. HYDE, J. B. G'mnnrnnn. 

